ActivIdentity's ActivID Card Management System features automatic certificate renewal and smart card-update capabilities, as well as support for public key cryptography standards (PKCS) #11-compliant middleware. The system enables organizations to further streamline the management of smart cards, USB tokens and associated certificates, resulting in reduced costs of deployment and increased end user productivity. In conjunction with ActivClient security software, as well as PKCS #11-compliant middleware, ActivID Card Management System issues and manages smart cards and smart USB tokens that are being used for a wide variety of desktop, network-security and productivity applications. In its fullest-use case, this solution becomes a “smart employee ID” for both logical and physical access control.